Prep Chiles: Toast dried chiles on a dry skillet for 30 seconds per side until fragrant, then soak in hot water for 15 minutes until soft.
Make Adobo Sauce: In a blender, combine softened chiles, onion, garlic, tomatoes, vinegar, oregano, cumin, cloves, peppercorns, and 1 cup beef broth. Blend until completely smooth.
Sear Meat: Heat oil in a large Dutch oven over medium-high heat. Season beef with salt and sear on all sides until deeply browned.
Combine: Pour the blended sauce over the seared meat. Add the remaining beef broth and bay leaves. Bring to a simmer.
Slow Cook: Cover and cook in the oven at 325°F for 2.5 to 3 hours, or until the meat is fall-apart tender.
Shred Meat: Remove meat from the pot and shred it with two forks. Skim excess fat from the top of the broth and reserve it for frying.
Assemble Tacos: Heat a griddle (comal) over medium heat. Dip a tortilla into the top layer of the broth fat.
Fry: Place the wet tortilla on the griddle, sprinkle with cheese, add shredded meat, and fold it in half. Cook until golden and crispy on both sides.
Serve: Place the consomé in small bowls for dipping. Serve tacos with diced onion, cilantro, and lime wedges.